vocabulary
1. Patriarchy
- BrE: /ˈpeɪ.tri.ɑː.ki/
- AmE: /ˈpeɪ.tri.ɑːr.ki/
Definition: A social system in which men hold most of the power and women are largely excluded.
Easy Definition: A system where men have more power than women.
Example: “In many countries, patriarchy still affects women’s roles at home and at work.”
2. Empowerment
- BrE/AmE: /ɪmˈpaʊə.mənt/
Definition: The process of giving someone more control over their life or more power to do something.
Easy Definition: Helping people get more power or confidence.
Example: “Education brings empowerment to women, helping them make their own choices.”
3. Discrimination
- BrE: /dɪˌskrɪm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
- AmE: /dɪˌskrɪ.məˈneɪ.ʃən/
Definition: The unjust treatment of different categories of people, especially on grounds of race, age, or gender.
Easy Definition: Treating someone unfairly because of their group (like gender or race).
Example: “Gender discrimination means women are sometimes paid less for the same job.”
4. Equal opportunities
- BrE/AmE: /ˈiː.kwəl ˌɒp.əˈtjuː.nə.tiz/
Definition: The principle of treating all people the same, and not being influenced by a person’s gender, race, or background.
Easy Definition: When everyone has the same chance to succeed.
Example: “Our company supports equal opportunities in hiring and promotion.”
IELTS Speaking Challenge
Warm-Up Questions:
- What are some common ideas about men and women in your country?
- Do you think these ideas are true or just stereotypes?
- How can people change unfair ideas about gender?
Band 6 Style Speaking Example:
“Many people think men are strong and women are soft. But these ideas are not always true. People should choose their own life.”
Try This Frame:
“In my country, people often believe ____. But I think it is better if we ____ because ____.”
IELTS Writing Challenge
Task 2 Question:
Some people think men and women have natural roles. Others say these roles come from society. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Band 6 Writing Sample:
“Some people say men and women are different by nature. They think men are stronger and women are more caring. But many of these ideas come from culture and media. I think all people should have equal chances.”
Structure Plan:
- Introduction: Say what the question is and your opinion
- Body 1: Why some people believe gender roles are natural
- Body 2: Why others think society creates these roles
- Conclusion: Your opinion about gender and equality
Use These Words:
glass ceiling | gender gap | equality | feminism
Grammar Focus: Sentences That Show Contrast
Use these patterns to show two sides:
- Although + idea 1, idea 2
- While + idea 1, idea 2
- Even though + idea, result
Examples:
- “Although some believe men and women are very different, these ideas often come from culture.”
- “While many think mothers must stay home, both parents can care for children.”
- “Even though people say women are emotional, that’s just a stereotype.”
Rewrite Challenge
Question: Should schools teach students about gender equality?
Your Task: Write a short paragraph using 4 key words.
Target Words: glass ceiling | gender gap | equality | feminism
Example Answer (Band 6 Level):
“Schools should teach about the glass ceiling and gender gap. These problems show that not everyone is treated the same. Learning about feminism can help students support fairness. Equality is important for all.”
Final Reflection
You’ve just:
✔️ Learned 4 useful words: glass ceiling, gender gap, equality, feminism
✔️ Practiced speaking with clear opinions and personal examples
✔️ Written about both sides of a Task 2 question using structure
✔️ Used contrast grammar to explain different views
✔️ Rewritten simple ideas using better words and deeper meaning
Think About:
- What is one new word you can now use to talk about gender?
- Why is it important to question stereotypes in IELTS writing or speaking?
- How can you explain your ideas with more depth next time?
Reminder:
Talking about gender in IELTS is not just good practice — it’s a way to speak up for fairness and show clear, thoughtful English.
Keep going! The more clearly you think, the more clearly you speak and write. That’s what Band 7+ is all about.
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