“Every problem has a solution — if you can explain it clearly.”
This Task 2 essay type tests your ability to identify real issues and offer logical, effective responses. You’ll need clarity, structure, and a smart tone — not generic lists.
What Is a Problem / Solution Essay?
This IELTS essay type asks you to:
- Describe a problem (or more than one)
- Explain the causes or effects
- Propose clear, realistic solutions
These essays often use phrases like:
- “What problems are caused by…”
- “What can be done to address this issue?”
Essay Structure (Band 7+ Format)
| Paragraph | Content |
| Introduction | Paraphrase the question |
| Briefly outline the problem and signal a solution | |
| Body 1 | Describe the problem |
| Explain the cause or impact | |
| Give a real-world example | |
| Body 2 | Present your solution(s) |
| Explain how they solve the problem | |
| Justify why they are realistic | |
| Conclusion | Summarize the problem and solution |
| Restate the importance of action |
High-Impact Verbs for Problem/Solution Clarity
Don’t just say “fix” or “solve.” Use precise verbs that signal your academic control:
| Verb | Meaning | Example |
| Address | To deal with or focus on | Governments must address rising obesity rates. |
| Tackle | To confront and take action against | This proposal tackles the root cause of homelessness. |
| Mitigate | To reduce the negative effect of something | Education can mitigate the effects of poverty. |
| Combat | To actively fight against | Urban planning is one way to combat traffic congestion. |
| Alleviate | To reduce severity or pressure | Affordable housing could alleviate the burden on low-income families. |
Solution Strength Framework
Before you write a solution, ask:
- Is it realistic?
- Is it clearly linked to the problem?
- Can it be implemented by someone (government, individual, company)?
- Can you explain how it works or why it’s effective?
YES: Strong solutions = Specific + Implementable + Justified
NO: Weak solutions = Vague + Unrealistic + Overgeneralized
Annotated Example (Band 7 Style)
Question: Many people suffer from stress-related illnesses. What are the causes, and what solutions can you suggest?
In modern society, stress has become a widespread issue, often resulting in both mental and physical health problems. This essay will explore the key causes of stress and propose effective solutions.
One major cause of stress is overwork. In many countries, employees face long hours and constant pressure to perform, which leads to burnout and anxiety. For instance, surveys in East Asia show rising levels of mental illness linked to workplace demands.
A key solution is to enforce stricter work-life balance laws. Governments could limit overtime and mandate paid vacation days, reducing pressure on workers. Additionally, mental health education in schools and workplaces could help individuals manage stress more effectively.
In conclusion, stress is a serious issue driven by work culture, and it can be addressed through legislative changes and awareness programs.
Why it works:
Problem is specific
Solutions are realistic, implementable, and explained
Tone is formal but accessible
Transmission Map: Common Problems → Smart Solutions
| Problem | Smart Solution |
| Traffic congestion | Invest in public transport + promote remote work |
| Youth unemployment | Improve vocational training + subsidize internships |
| Urban pollution | Enforce emissions laws + incentivize electric vehicles |
| Obesity | Ban junk food ads + fund school fitness programs |
| Internet addiction | Launch public awareness + promote tech-free zones |
Bonus Downloads
- Band 7 Problem/Solution Essay Template (PDF)
- List of 30 Common IELTS Problems + Realistic Solutions (PDF)
- “Problem → Smart Solution” Practice Map (PDF)
FAQ
Q: Can I write more than one solution?
Yes — but don’t list too many. Two well-explained solutions are better than four vague ones.
Q: Should I include causes and solutions, or just solutions?
Always read the question carefully. Some ask for both problems and solutions, others just for solutions.
Q: Is it okay to focus only on government actions?
Yes — but ideally mention both government and individual solutions for balance.
About the Author
Written by Geoff, University of Cambridge-educated, Art History, 2012, Fitzwilliam College, IELTS teacher, Trinity College Diploma in TESOL with 25+ years of IELTS teaching experience. Creator of IELTS Transmission, the clarity-first writing system trusted by high-achievers and determined learners worldwide.
Ready to Practice?
- Read Sample Problem/Solution Essays with Band 7+ Feedback →
- Practice Writing 5 Real Problem/Solution Prompts →
- Download the Essay Planning Pack →
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